Automated generation of game tags

ABSTRACT

Implementations relate to systems, methods, and computer-readable media to generate text tags for games. A computer-implemented method is provided to generate one or more text tags for a game using a trained machine learning model. Data that includes a game identifier of the game and a set of digital assets associated with the game are provided as input to the trained machine learning model. Predicted text tags are generated using the trained machine learning model based on the set of digital assets associated with the game. The text tags are associated with a respective prediction score. One or more text tags are selected from the plurality of predicted text tags based on the respective prediction score.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments relate generally to computer-based gaming, and moreparticularly, to methods, systems, and computer readable media togenerate text tags for games.

BACKGROUND

Some online gaming platforms allow users to connect with each other,interact with each other (e.g., within a game), create games, and shareinformation with each other via the Internet. Users of online gamingplatforms may participate in multiplayer gaming environments (e.g., invirtual three-dimensional environments), design custom gamingenvironments, design characters and avatars, decorate avatars, exchangevirtual items/objects with other users, communicate with other usersusing audio or text messaging, and so forth.

Users may browse or search for games based on their interests todiscover suitable games for playing. For example, users may browse gamesby categories (e.g., action, racing, puzzle, strategy, popular,trending, new, etc.) or search games by tags, keywords, or concepts(e.g., “car chase, “board game,” etc.).

SUMMARY

Implementations described herein relate to generation of text tags forgames. In some implementations, a computer-implemented method togenerate one or more text tags for a game using a trained machinelearning model includes providing, as input to the trained machinelearning model, data that includes a game identifier of the game and aset of digital assets associated with the games, generating, using thetrained machine learning model and based on the set of digital assetsassociated with the game, a plurality of predicted text tags, each texttag associated with a respective prediction score, and selecting the oneor more text tags from the plurality of predicted text tags based on therespective prediction score.

In some implementations, the set of digital assets includes one or moreof game screenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, avatars,game source code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, gamelevel count, avatar movements, text content of the game, chat contentgenerated within the game, game sounds, game background music, codecoverage, or a respective frequency of use of digital assets duringgameplay.

In some implementations, the one or more text tags are indicative of atype of the game or a style of game play. In some implementations, themethod includes validating an existing text tag for the game bycomparing the existing text tag with the one or more text tags.

In some implementations, a computer-implemented method to train amachine learning model to generate tags includes providing as input tothe machine learning model, data that includes a plurality of gameidentifiers and a respective set of digital assets associated with eachgame identified by the game identifiers, generating, by the machinelearning model, one or more predicted tags for each game identified bythe game identifiers, comparing the one or more predicted tags withrespective tags associated with each game identified by the gameidentifiers, and adjusting one or more parameters of the machinelearning model based on the comparison.

In some implementations, the machine learning model includes a neuralnetwork and adjusting the one or more parameters of the machine learningmodel includes adjusting a weight associated with one or more nodes ofthe neural network or adjusting a weight associated with a link betweena pair of nodes of the neural network.

In some implementations, the digital assets include one or more of gamescreenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, avatars, gamesource code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, game levelcount, avatar movements, text content of the game, chat contentgenerated within the game, game sounds, game background music, codecoverage, or frequency of use of digital assets during gameplay.

In some implementations, the method further includes generating arespective feature vector for each game identified by the gameidentifiers based on the respective set of digital assets. In at leastsome of the implementations, generating the one or more predicted tagsby the machine learning model is based on the respective feature vector.

In some implementations, the machine learning model includes one or moreinput neural networks and an output neural network, and generating therespective feature vector is performed using the one or more inputneural networks. In at least some of these implementations, the methodfurther includes providing the respective feature vector as input to theoutput neural network.

In some implementations, the one or more input neural networks includeat least one of: a first input neural network that generates a firstportion of the feature vector based on one or more image assets in thedigital assets, a second input neural network that generates a secondportion of the feature vector based on one or more code assets in thedigital assets, a third input neural network that generates a thirdportion of the feature vector based on one or more text assets in thedigital assets, a fourth input neural network that generates a fourthportion of the feature vector based on one or more audio assets in thedigital assets, and a fifth input neural network that generates a fifthportion of the feature vector based on one more gameplay assets.

In some implementations, the first input neural network generates thefirst portion of the feature vector based on one or more image assets inthe digital assets, and the one or more image assets include one or moreof game screenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, oravatars.

In some implementations, the second input neural network generates thesecond portion of the feature vector based on one or more code assets inthe digital assets, and the code assets include one or more of gamesource code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, game levelcount, or avatar movements.

In some implementations, the third input neural network generates thethird portion of the feature vector based on one or more text assets inthe digital assets, and the text assets include one or more of textcontent of the game or chat content generated within the game.

In some implementations, the fourth input neural network generates thefourth portion of the feature vector based on one or more audio assetsin the digital assets, wherein the audio assets include one or more ofgame sounds or game background music.

In some implementations, the fifth input neural network generates thefifth portion of the feature vector based on one more gameplay assets,and the gameplay assets includes one or more of code coverage orfrequency of use of digital assets during gameplay.

Some implementations include a non-transitory computer-readable mediumwith instructions that, responsive to execution by a processing device,causes the processing device to perform operations that includeproviding, as input to a trained machine learning model, data thatincludes a plurality of game identifiers and a respective set of digitalassets associated with each game identified by the game identifiers,generating, using the trained machine learning model, a plurality ofpredicted text tags, each text tag associated with a respectiveprediction score, and selecting the one or more text tags from theplurality of predicted text tags based on the respective predictionscore.

Some implementations include a system comprising: memory withinstructions stored thereon, and a processing device, coupled to thememory, the processing device configured to access the memory andexecute the instructions, wherein the instructions cause the processingdevice to perform operations including providing, as input to a trainedmachine learning model, data that includes a plurality of gameidentifiers and a respective set of digital assets associated with eachgame identified by the game identifiers, generating, using the trainedmachine learning model, a plurality of predicted text tags, each texttag associated with a respective prediction score, and selecting the oneor more text tags from the plurality of predicted text tags based on therespective prediction score.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example system architecture to generate texttags for games, in accordance with some implementations.

FIG. 2A illustrates an example listing of games arranged by categories,in accordance with some implementations.

FIG. 2B illustrates an example tag-wise listing, in accordance with someimplementations.

FIG. 2C illustrates another example of a tag-wise listing, in accordancewith some implementations.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating example data structures associated withgame digital assets, in accordance with some implementations.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating example screenshots from a gameplaysession, in accordance with some implementations.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of supervised machinelearning (ML) to generate text tags, in accordance with someimplementations.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example method to train a machinelearning model to generate text tags, in accordance with someimplementations.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example method to generatetext tags for games using a machine learning model, in accordance withsome implementations.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating another example method to generatetext tags for games using a machine learning model, in accordance withsome implementations.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example computing device, inaccordance with some implementations.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, reference is made to theaccompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings,similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless contextdictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in thedetailed description, drawings, and claims are not meant to be limiting.Other embodiments may be utilized, and other changes may be made,without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matterpresented herein. Aspects of the present disclosure, as generallydescribed herein, and illustrated in the drawings, can be arranged,substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a wide variety ofdifferent configurations, all of which are contemplated herein.

References in the specification to “some embodiments”, “an embodiment”,“an example embodiment”, etc. indicate that the embodiment described mayinclude a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but everyembodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature,structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarilyreferring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature,structure, or characteristic is described in connection with anembodiment, such feature, structure, or characteristic may be effectedin connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitlydescribed.

Online gaming platforms (also referred to as “user-generated contentplatforms” or “user-generated content systems”) offer a variety of waysfor users to interact with one another. For example, users of an onlinegaming platform may work together towards a common goal, share variousvirtual gaming items, send electronic messages to one another, and soforth. Users of an online gaming platform may join games as virtualcharacters, playing game-specific roles. For example, a virtualcharacter may be part of a team or multiplayer environment wherein eachcharacter is assigned a certain role and has associated parameters,e.g., clothing, armor, weaponry, skills, etc. that correspond to therole. In another example, a virtual character may be joined bycomputer-generated characters, e.g., when a single player is part of agame.

An online gaming platform may also allow users (developers) of theplatform to create new games and/or characters. For example, users ofthe online gaming platform may be enabled to create, design, and/orcustomize new characters (avatars), new animation packages, and makethem available to other users.

Games may be categorized based on their type and/or game play style. Insome implementations, games can be organized by one or more of gameplaycharacteristics, objective (of the game) type, and subject type (forexample, sports, challenge, action, or racing). The category may belabeled by one or more text tags associated with the game.

Other users (players) may discover games to play by browsing or based ona search. The search may be performed by name or by category, and theuser may select a game they wish to play based on a list of gamesdisplayed. In some implementations, games likely of interest to theplayer are surfaced and displayed to the user, for example, at a time oflogin to the game platform or resumption of a session at the gameplatform by a player.

Game players and game platform owners benefit from associating suitabletext tags to various games. Labeling of games by utilizing text tags canenable efficient discovery of games by users and thus provide a betteruser experience on the game platform. The text tags can be utilized forranking of games on the game platform and/or as input to recommendermodels, e.g. machine learning models, utilized on the game platform. Forexample, the recommender models can generate game recommendations forusers based on text tags associated with games. The game recommendationmodels may also utilize rankings in generating the game recommendations.A technical problem for game platform operators is the accurate labelingand discoverability of games across the game platform(s).

Some users may not provide tags for games that they make available viathe game platform, or may provide tags that do not sufficiently aiddiscovery of the game by players that use the game platform. In somecases, users may intentionally incorrectly label a game with a view toget increased player traffic to their game. Tags that are manuallyassigned to a game (e.g. by a developer) can be evaluated by comparisonwith generated text tags for the game to determine manually assignedtags that are incorrect or irrelevant. Upon such evaluation, incorrector irrelevant tags may be suppressed, e.g., hidden and/or removed fromassociation with the game. Suppression of manually assigned tags in thismanner can help ensure that player traffic to a game is genuine, basedon the quality of the game and relevance of the game to a player'sinterests. This can lead to a higher proportion of game play sessionsthat players enjoy, and reduce the number of short (e.g., less than 1minute) or unsatisfactory sessions that may occur due to incorrect orirrelevant labels. Some embodiments disclosed herein automaticallydetermine text tags that may be associated with various games on thegame platform. The text tags thus determined can be associated with thegame.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example system architecture 100, in accordancewith some implementations of the disclosure. FIG. 1 and the otherfigures use like reference numerals to identify like elements. A letterafter a reference numeral, such as “110,” indicates that the text refersspecifically to the element having that particular reference numeral. Areference numeral in the text without a following letter, such as “110,”refers to any or all of the elements in the figures bearing thatreference numeral (e.g. “110” in the text refers to reference numerals“110 a,” “110 b,” and/or “110 n” in the figures).

The system architecture 100 (also referred to as “system” herein)includes online gaming server 102, data store 120, client devices 110 a,110 b, and 110 n (generally referred to as “client device(s) 110”herein), and developer devices 130 a and 130 n (generally referred to as“developer device(s) 130” herein). Gaming server 102, data store 120,client devices 110, and developer devices 130 are coupled via network122. In some implementations, client devices(s) 110 and developerdevice(s) 130 may refer to the same or same type of device.

Online gaming server 102 can include, among other things, a game engine104, one or more games 106, and graphics engine 108. A client device 110can include a game application 112, and input/output (I/O) interfaces114 (e.g., input/output devices). The input/output devices can includeone or more of a microphone, speakers, headphones, display device,mouse, keyboard, game controller, touchscreen, virtual reality consoles,etc.

A developer device 130 can include a game application 132, andinput/output (I/O) interfaces 134 (e.g., input/output devices). Theinput/output devices can include one or more of a microphone, speakers,headphones, display device, mouse, keyboard, game controller,touchscreen, virtual reality consoles, etc.

System architecture 100 is provided for illustration. In differentimplementations, the system architecture 100 may include the same,fewer, more, or different elements configured in the same or differentmanner as that shown in FIG. 1.

In some implementations, network 122 may include a public network (e.g.,the Internet), a private network (e.g., a local area network (LAN) orwide area network (WAN)), a wired network (e.g., Ethernet network), awireless network (e.g., an 802.11 network, a Wi-Fi® network, or wirelessLAN (WLAN)), a cellular network (e.g., a 5G network, a Long TermEvolution (LTE) network, etc.), routers, hubs, switches, servercomputers, or a combination thereof.

In some implementations, the data store 120 may be a non-transitorycomputer readable memory (e.g., random access memory), a cache, a drive(e.g., a hard drive), a flash drive, a database system, cloud basedstorage, or another type of component or device capable of storing data.The data store 120 may also include multiple storage components (e.g.,multiple drives or multiple databases) that may also span multiplecomputing devices (e.g., multiple server computers).

In some implementations, the online gaming server 102 can include aserver having one or more computing devices (e.g., a cloud computingsystem, a rackmount server, a server computer, cluster of physicalservers, etc.). In some implementations, the online gaming server 102may be an independent system, may include multiple servers, or be partof another system or server.

In some implementations, the online gaming server 102 may include one ormore computing devices (such as a rackmount server, a router computer, aserver computer, a personal computer, a mainframe computer, a laptopcomputer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, etc.), data stores(e.g., hard disks, memories, databases), networks, software components,and/or hardware components that may be used to perform operations on theonline gaming server 102 and to provide a user with access to onlinegaming server 102. The online gaming server 102 may also include awebsite (e.g., a webpage) or application back-end software that may beused to provide a user with access to content provided by online gamingserver 102. For example, users may access online gaming server 102 usingthe game application 112 on client devices 110.

In some implementations, online gaming server 102 may be a type ofsocial network providing connections between users or a type ofuser-generated content system that allows users (e.g., end-users orconsumers) to communicate with other users on the online gaming server102, where the communication may include voice chat (e.g., synchronousand/or asynchronous voice communication), video chat (e.g., synchronousand/or asynchronous video communication), or text chat (e.g.,synchronous and/or asynchronous text-based communication). In someimplementations of the disclosure, a “user” may be represented as asingle individual. However, other implementations of the disclosureencompass a “user” (e.g., creating user) being an entity controlled by aset of users or an automated source. For example, a set of individualusers federated as a community or group in a user-generated contentsystem may be considered a “user.”

In some implementations, online gaming server 102 may be a virtualgaming server. For example, the gaming server may provide single-playeror multiplayer games to a community of users that may access or interactwith games using client devices 110 via network 122. In someimplementations, games (also referred to as “video game,” “online game,”or “virtual game” herein) may be two-dimensional (2D) games,three-dimensional (3D) games (e.g., 3D user-generated games), virtualreality (VR) games, or augmented reality (AR) games, for example. Insome implementations, users may participate in gameplay with otherusers. In some implementations, a game may be played in real-time withother users of the game.

In some implementations, gameplay may refer to the interaction of one ormore players using client devices (e.g., 110) within a game (e.g., 106)or the presentation of the interaction on a display or other outputdevice (e.g., 114) of a client device 110.

In some implementations, a game 106 can include one or more electronicfile(s) that can be executed or loaded using software, firmware orhardware configured to present the game content (e.g., digital mediaitem) to an entity. The electronic file(s) can include digital gamedigital assets such as animation routines, image files, audio files, andother content utilized in set up of the game environment. The gamedigital assets can be stored in data store 120 and/or in games 106.

The game digital assets can include game objects, game items, gamecharacters, etc. that may each be stored in electronic representations,e.g., 2D/3D sketches, 2D/3D models of game objects, textures, images,videos, code, avatars, etc. The game digital assets can also include theelectronic files utilized in a run-time environment to create a virtualgame environment.

In some implementations, a game application 112 may be executed and agame 106 rendered in connection with a game engine 104. In someimplementations, a game 106 may have a common set of rules or commongoal, and the environment of a game 106 share the common set of rules orcommon goal. In some implementations, different games may have differentrules or goals from one another.

In some implementations, games may have one or more environments (alsoreferred to as “gaming environments” or “virtual environments” herein)where multiple environments may be linked. An example of an environmentmay be a three-dimensional (3D) environment. The one or moreenvironments of a game application 112 may be collectively referred to a“world” or “gaming world” or “virtual world” or “universe” herein. Anexample of a world may be a 3D world of a game 106. For example, a usermay build a virtual environment that is linked to another virtualenvironment created by another user. A character of the virtual game maycross the virtual border to enter the adjacent virtual environment.

It may be noted that 3D environments or 3D worlds use graphics that usea three-dimensional representation of geometric data representative ofgame content (or at least present game content to appear as 3D contentwhether or not 3D representation of geometric data is used). 2Denvironments or 2D worlds use graphics that use two-dimensionalrepresentation of geometric data representative of game content.

In some implementations, the online gaming server 102 can host one ormore games 106 and can permit users to interact with the games 106 usinga game application 112 of client devices 110. Users of the online gamingserver 102 may play, create, interact with, or build games 106,communicate with other users, and/or create and build objects (e.g.,also referred to as “item(s)” or “game objects” or “virtual gameitem(s)” herein) of games 106.

For example, in generating user-generated virtual items, users maycreate characters, decoration for the characters, one or more virtualenvironments for an interactive game, or build structures used in a game106, among others. In some implementations, users may buy, sell, ortrade game virtual game objects, such as in-platform currency (e.g.,virtual currency), with other users of the online gaming server 102. Insome implementations, online gaming server 102 may transmit game contentto game applications (e.g., 112).

In some implementations, game content (also referred to as “content”herein) may refer to any data or software instructions (e.g., gamedigital assets, game objects, game, user information, video, images,commands, media item, etc.) associated with online gaming server 102 orgame applications. In some implementations, game objects (e.g., alsoreferred to as “item(s)” or “objects” or “virtual objects” or “virtualgame item(s)” herein) may refer to objects that are used, created,shared or otherwise depicted in game applications 106 of the onlinegaming server 102 or game applications 112 of the client devices 110.For example, game objects may include a part, model, character,accessories, tools, weapons, clothing, buildings, vehicles, currency,flora, fauna, components of the aforementioned (e.g., windows of abuilding), and so forth.

It may be noted that the online gaming server 102 hosting games 106, isprovided for purposes of illustration, rather than limitation. In someimplementations, online gaming server 102 may host one or more mediaitems that can include communication messages from one user to one ormore other users. Media items can include, but are not limited to,digital video, digital movies, digital photos, digital music, audiocontent, melodies, website content, social media updates, electronicbooks, electronic magazines, digital newspapers, digital audio books,electronic journals, web blogs, real simple syndication (RSS) feeds,electronic comic books, software applications, etc. In someimplementations, a media item may be an electronic file that can beexecuted or loaded using software, firmware or hardware configured topresent the digital media item to an entity.

In some implementations, a game 106 may be associated with a particularuser or a particular group of users (e.g., a private game), or madewidely available to users with access to the online gaming server 102(e.g., a public game). In some implementations, where online gamingserver 102 associates one or more games 106 with a specific user orgroup of users, online gaming server 102 may associated the specificuser(s) with a game 106 using user account information (e.g., a useraccount identifier such as username and password).

In some implementations, online gaming server 102 or client devices 110may include a game engine 104 or game application 112. In someimplementations, game engine 104 may be used for the development orexecution of games 106. For example, game engine 104 may include arendering engine (“renderer”) for 2D, 3D, VR, or AR graphics, a physicsengine, a collision detection engine (and collision response), soundengine, scripting functionality, animation engine, artificialintelligence engine, networking functionality, streaming functionality,memory management functionality, threading functionality, scene graphfunctionality, or video support for cinematics, among other features.The components of the game engine 104 may generate commands that helpcompute and render the game (e.g., rendering commands, collisioncommands, physics commands, etc.) In some implementations, gameapplications 112 of client devices 110/116, respectively, may workindependently, in collaboration with game engine 104 of online gamingserver 102, or a combination of both.

In some implementations, both the online gaming server 102 and clientdevices 110 may execute a game engine (104 and 112, respectively). Theonline gaming server 102 using game engine 104 may perform some or allthe game engine functions (e.g., generate physics commands, renderingcommands, etc.), or offload some or all the game engine functions togame engine 104 of client device 110. In some implementations, each game106 may have a different ratio between the game engine functions thatare performed on the online gaming server 102 and the game enginefunctions that are performed on the client devices 110. For example, thegame engine 104 of the online gaming server 102 may be used to generatephysics commands in cases where there is a collision between at leasttwo game objects, while the additional game engine functionality (e.g.,generate rendering commands) may be offloaded to the client device 110.In some implementations, the ratio of game engine functions performed onthe online gaming server 102 and client device 110 may be changed (e.g.,dynamically) based on gameplay conditions. For example, if the number ofusers participating in gameplay of a particular game 106 exceeds athreshold number, the online gaming server 102 may perform one or moregame engine functions that were previously performed by the clientdevices 110.

For example, users may be playing a game 106 on client devices 110, andmay send control instructions (e.g., user inputs, such as right, left,up, down, user election, or character position and velocity information,etc.) to the online gaming server 102. Subsequent to receiving controlinstructions from the client devices 110, the online gaming server 102may send gameplay instructions (e.g., position and velocity informationof the characters participating in the group gameplay or commands, suchas rendering commands, collision commands, etc.) to the client devices110 based on control instructions. For instance, the online gamingserver 102 may perform one or more logical operations (e.g., using gameengine 104) on the control instructions to generate gameplayinstruction(s) for the client devices 110. In other instances, onlinegaming server 102 may pass one or more or the control instructions fromone client device 110 to other client devices (e.g., from client device110 a to client device 110 b) participating in the game 106. The clientdevices 110 may use the gameplay instructions and render the gameplayfor presentation on the displays of client devices 110.

In some implementations, the control instructions may refer toinstructions that are indicative of in-game actions of a user'scharacter. For example, control instructions may include user input tocontrol the in-game action, such as right, left, up, down, userselection, gyroscope position and orientation data, force sensor data,etc. The control instructions may include character position andvelocity information. In some implementations, the control instructionsare sent directly to the online gaming server 102. In otherimplementations, the control instructions may be sent from a clientdevice 110 to another client device (e.g., from client device 110 b toclient device 110 n), where the other client device generates gameplayinstructions using the local game engine 104. The control instructionsmay include instructions to play a voice communication message or othersounds from another user on an audio device (e.g., speakers, headphones,etc.), for example voice communications or other sounds generated usingthe audio spatialization techniques as described herein.

In some implementations, gameplay instructions may refer to instructionsthat allow a client device 110 to render gameplay of a game, such as amultiplayer game. The gameplay instructions may include one or more ofuser input (e.g., control instructions), character position and velocityinformation, or commands (e.g., physics commands, rendering commands,collision commands, etc.).

In some implementations, the online gaming server 102 may storecharacters created by users in the data store 120. In someimplementations, the online gaming server 102 maintains a charactercatalog and game catalog that may be presented to users. In someimplementations, the game catalog includes images of games stored on theonline gaming server 102. In addition, a user may select a character(e.g., a character created by the user or other user) from the charactercatalog to participate in the chosen game. The character catalogincludes images of characters stored on the online gaming server 102. Insome implementations, one or more of the characters in the charactercatalog may have been created or customized by the user. In someimplementations, the chosen character may have character settingsdefining one or more of the components of the character.

In some implementations, a user's character can include a configurationof components, where the configuration and appearance of components andmore generally the appearance of the character may be defined bycharacter settings. In some implementations, the character settings of auser's character may at least in part be chosen by the user. In otherimplementations, a user may choose a character with default charactersettings or character setting chosen by other users. For example, a usermay choose a default character from a character catalog that haspredefined character settings, and the user may further customize thedefault character by changing some of the character settings (e.g.,adding a shirt with a customized logo). The character settings may beassociated with a particular character by the online gaming server 102.

In some implementations, the client device(s) 110 may each includecomputing devices such as personal computers (PCs), mobile devices(e.g., laptops, mobile phones, smart phones, tablet computers, ornetbook computers), network-connected televisions, gaming consoles, etc.In some implementations, a client device 110 may also be referred to asa “user device.” In some implementations, one or more client devices 110may connect to the online gaming server 102 at any given moment. It maybe noted that the number of client devices 110 is provided asillustration. In some implementations, any number of client devices 110may be used.

In some implementations, each client device 110 may include an instanceof the game application 112, respectively. In one implementation, thegame application 112 may permit users to use and interact with onlinegaming server 102, such as control a virtual character in a virtual gamehosted by online gaming server 102, or view or upload content, such asgames 106, images, video items, web pages, documents, and so forth. Inone example, the game application may be a web application (e.g., anapplication that operates in conjunction with a web browser) that canaccess, retrieve, present, or navigate content (e.g., virtual characterin a virtual environment, etc.) served by a web server. In anotherexample, the game application may be a native application (e.g., amobile application, app, or a gaming program) that is installed andexecutes local to client device 110 and allows users to interact withonline gaming server 102. The game application may render, display, orpresent the content (e.g., a web page, a media viewer) to a user. In animplementation, the game application may also include an embedded mediaplayer (e.g., a Flash® player) that is embedded in a web page.

According to aspects of the disclosure, the game application may be anonline gaming server application for users to build, create, edit,upload content to the online gaming server 102 as well as interact withonline gaming server 102 (e.g., play games 106 hosted by online gamingserver 102). As such, the game application may be provided to the clientdevice(s) 110 by the online gaming server 102. In another example, thegame application may be an application that is downloaded from a server.

In some implementations, each developer device 130 may include aninstance of the game application 132, respectively. In oneimplementation, the game application 112 may permit a developer user(s)to use and interact with online gaming server 102, such as control avirtual character in a virtual game hosted by online gaming server 102,or view or upload content, such as games 106, images, video items, webpages, documents, and so forth. In one example, the game application maybe a web application (e.g., an application that operates in conjunctionwith a web browser) that can access, retrieve, present, or navigatecontent (e.g., virtual character in a virtual environment, etc.) servedby a web server. In another example, the game application may be anative application (e.g., a mobile application, app, or a gamingprogram) that is installed and executes local to client device 110 andallows users to interact with online gaming server 102. The gameapplication may render, display, or present the content (e.g., a webpage, a media viewer) to a user. In an implementation, the gameapplication may also include an embedded media player (e.g., a Flash®player) that is embedded in a web page.

According to aspects of the disclosure, the game application 132 may bean online gaming server application for users to build, create, edit,upload content to the online gaming server 102 as well as interact withonline gaming server 102 (e.g., provide and/or play games 106 hosted byonline gaming server 102). As such, the game application may be providedto the client device(s) 110 by the online gaming server 102. In anotherexample, the game application 132 may be an application that isdownloaded from a server. Game application 132 may be configured tointeract with online gaming server 102 and obtain access to usercredentials, user currency, etc. for one or more games 106 developed,hosted, or provided by a game developer.

In some implementations, a user may login to online gaming server 102via the game application. The user may access a user account byproviding user account information (e.g., username and password) wherethe user account is associated with one or more characters available toparticipate in one or more games 106 of online gaming server 102. Insome implementations, with appropriate credentials, a game developer mayobtain access to game virtual game objects, such as in-platform currency(e.g., virtual currency), avatars, special powers, accessories, that areowned by or associated with other users.

In general, functions described in one implementation as being performedby the online gaming server 102 can also be performed by the clientdevice(s) 110, or a server, in other implementations if appropriate. Inaddition, the functionality attributed to a particular component can beperformed by different or multiple components operating together. Theonline gaming server 102 can also be accessed as a service provided toother systems or devices through appropriate application programminginterfaces (APIs), and thus is not limited to use in websites.

In some implementations, online gaming server 102 may include a graphicsengine 108. In some implementations, the graphics engine 108 may be asystem, application, or module that permits the online gaming server 102to provide graphics and animation capability.

FIG. 2A illustrates an example listing of games arranged by categories,in accordance with some implementations. The listing is displayed via auser interface that includes different games available on a gameplatform to a user.

Game lists may be generated (for example, by online gaming server 102)from available games on a game platform to enable game selection byusers. Statistics of gameplay, number of users playing different games,engagement level of users, game types, etc. may be utilized to determinegame popularity.

In some implementations, categories (220 a-220 d) of games may bepromoted (highlighted) to users. Example categories may include populargames (220 a), top social games (220 b), top adventure games (220 c),and games recommended for a user (220 d), etc. Each category may includea list of individual games (for example, 230). Individual games may alsobe annotated with tags (240) that may be displayed along with an icon orother display associated with a game. In some implementations, the gamelists may be provided on an initial display of a user device via a userinterface.

Games may also be associated with tags indicative of features associatedwith and included in the games. For example, games may be associatedwith tags such as tycoon game, obstacle course game, first personshooter game, collaborative game, social game, etc. that can enable auser to obtain additional information about the type of game. Multipletags may be associated with games that are associated with a firstcategory and games with a second tag can be associated with multiplecategories. For example, a category of games titled “Racing Games” mayinclude games with example tags “city race,” “jungle race,” “desertrace,” “camel race,” etc.

In some implementations, games may be categorized into various gamecategories based on their genre or tags associated with the game(adventure game, social game, etc.). Multiple text tags or categoriesmay be assigned to a game. In some implementations, the nature ofgameplay interaction may be utilized to categorize the games. In someimplementations, example categories for a game may include action,adventure, fighting, platform, puzzle, racing, role-playing, shooter,simulation, sports strategy, etc. In some implementations, examplecategories for a game may include a location setting, a genre, and/or atheme for the game, e.g. town and country, western, space, etc.

Highlighting games may enable users to easily browse available games,discover game(s) of interest to them, and make a selection of theirpreferred game from all available games on the platform.

In some implementations, example categories for a game may include thetype(s) of device that is well-suited to play the game. For example, agame may be labeled as suitable for desktop, mobile, virtual reality(VR), etc.

FIG. 2B illustrates an example tag-wise listing, in accordance with someimplementations. In this illustrative example, the user interface (UI)displays a game or game icon along with all its associated tags. Withthis UI view, a participant may browse game details and obtaininformation about all the tags associated with the game.

FIG. 2C illustrates another example of a tag-wise listing, in accordancewith some implementations. In this illustrative example, the userinterface displays a list of all or multiple games (or game icons) thatare associated with a given tag. This UI view can enable a participantto browse for games that are associated a tag of interest to theparticipant.

In some implementations, the text tags are associated with the game anddisplayed in a user interface. In some implementations, the text tagsare utilized to group together games with similar text tags. In someimplementations, the text tags are associated with a game, andsearchable by a user when the user is searching for a certain type ofgame.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating example data structures associated withgame (digital) assets, in accordance with some implementations.

In some implementations, the digital assets include various assetsassociated with a game. The digital assets may include user generateddigital content, user uploaded digital content, and/or digital contentselected by the user from digital assets available on the gameplatform(s).

Example types of digital assets include image files (320), audio clips(330), codebase assets (340), 3D models and/or meshes (350), animationroutines (360), or gameplay data (370). Other types of digital assetsare possible based on a type of game.

Image files (320) may include images utilized in the game, for example,background images, wallpaper images, maps, images that are displayedwithin the game, etc. Image files may also include thumbnail image(s)and videos associated with the game, e.g. images and videos provided bya game developer. Image files utilized in a game may be indicative ofthe game content. For example, if a game has a number of car images, itmay be indicative that the gameplay relates to cars. If a game has anumber of roadway images that are loops, it may be indicative that thegameplay relates to racetracks or racing, while if another game hasroadway images that are open stretches of road, it may be indicativethat the game is a travel or tour-related game. In another example, if agame has a lot of automotive part images but few complete vehicles, itmay be indicative that the game relates to building vehicles out ofparts.

Audio clips (330) include user (developer) generated audio clips and/oraudio clips selected from a list of options available on the gameplatforms. Example audio clips include the sound of racing cars, soundsof the forest, footsteps, character sounds, sounds associated with gameobjects, etc. Audio files utilized in a game may be indicative of thegame content. For example, if the game digital assets include a numberof audio clips with the noise of racing cars, it may be indicative thatthe game relates to car racing. If the game has a number of audio filesthat are sounds of clashing swords, it may be indicative that the gamerelates to a fighting game. In another example, if the game has audiofiles of cheering spectators, it may be indicative that the game relatesto sports.

Codebase assets (340) include the code base utilized for the game mayinclude initialization routines, pre-compiled code, functional code,etc. The text and comment(s) in the codebase may also be included. Insome implementations, a history of codebase changes may also beincluded. In some implementations, codebase data may include data thatincludes a record of the time spent by a developer on various featuresand/or digital assets within the codebase. For example, if comments inthe codebase of a game refers to names of racing cars, it may beindicative that the game relates to car racing. In another example, ifthe codebase includes subroutines that are associated with dancingmoves, it may be indicative that the game relates to dancing.

3D model data (350) can include the 3D model data, including meshesassociated with the game. For example, the 3D model data may includemesh data of one or more avatars and/or other objects utilized in thegame. In an example, if the 3D model data has mesh data of avatars thatis associated with humans riding on horses, it may be indicative thatthe game relates to knights. In another example, if the 3D model datahas mesh data associated with rollercoasters and/or other rides, it maybe indicative that the game relates to theme parks.

Animation routines (360) can include data associated with animations andmovements of avatars and/or objects within the game. The animationroutines can include platform-provided animation routines (cataloganimations) as well as custom animations provided by a game developer.For example, dancing moves, avatar gestures, action sequences, etc. maybe included. In an example, if the animation routines associated with agame use a simulator associated with motion capture dancing (Mocapdancing), it may be indicative that the game is a dancing game. Inanother example, if the animation includes a running animation, it maybe indicative that the game is a running game, or is a game thatincludes running as an activity, e.g., a field sports game.

Game play data (370) may include details of game sessions played by oneor more players on the game platform(s). In some implementations, thegame play data includes details of use of various game digital assets.For example, the game play data may include data of whether game digitalassets were actually invoked during the game sessions, a frequency ofuse of one or more game digital assets, a total duration of game play byone or more players, and a total duration of use of the game digitalassets and/or features associated with the game digital assets. In anexample, if a running animation is a game digital asset that hassubstantial use in the game, it may be indicative that the game is arunning game. In another example, the game digital asset may includeimages of cars as well images of pizzas, wherein the images of cars maynot be utilized in the code base while the images of pizzas are utilizedin the code base, indicating that the game relates to a pizza game andmay not be related to a car racing game.

In some implementations, game play data may include chat data of playersduring one or more gameplay sessions.

Digital assets from multiple categories described above are utilized inan analysis of the game. For example, if the digital assets of a gameincludes image files of cars, racetracks, confetti, champagne, racingsflags, and codebase assets that include physics code associated withcollisions, and animation code associated with moving vehicles, it maybe indicative that the game is a racing game. In an example, a game thatincludes image files of car parts, airplane parts, spaceship parts,connectors, etc. but no animation/physics code, it may be indicativethat the game relates to a mechanical building game. In another example,a game that has digital assets that include image files of foodingredients and 3D model data of buildings, it may be indicative thatthe game relates to restaurant operation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating example images from a gameplay session,in accordance with some implementations.

In some implementations, in addition to the digital assets describedwith respect to FIG. 4, screenshots of gameplay sessions may also berecorded. The screenshots may be obtained from previous game playsessions by different user(s) or groups of players. In someimplementations, screenshots may also be obtained from a rendering ofgameplay sessions in a simulated manner.

For example, screenshot 410 depicts a scene that includes a house,trees, gently rolling hills; screenshot 420 depicts a scene thatincludes a castle; and screenshot 430 depicts a scene that includes aship, water's edge, a house, and a forest.

In some implementations, image analysis may be performed on thescreenshots to determine/identify physical features, terrain, objects,etc. that may be depicted in the screenshots. The determined physicalfeatures, terrain, objects, etc. may be utilized to determine gamecharacteristics that may be utilized for the generation of text tags forthe game.

In some implementations, selected screenshots of the game sessions arestored as a game digital asset. In some implementations, the screenshotsare processed, and labels generated based on the screenshots are stored.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of supervised machinelearning (ML) to generate text tags, in accordance with someimplementations.

The supervised learning can be implemented on a computer that includesone or more processors and memory with software instructions. In someimplementations, the one or more processors may include one or more of ageneral purpose central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processingunit (GPU), a machine-learning processor, an application-specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), orany other type of processor.

In this illustrative example, supervised learning is used to train amachine learning (ML) model 530 based on training data 510 and afeedback generator 550. ML model 530 may be implemented using anysuitable machine learning technique, e.g., a feedforward neural network,a convolutional neural network, or any other suitable type of neuralnetwork. In some implementations, other machine learning techniques suchas Bayesian models, support vector machines, hidden Markov models(HMMs), etc. can also be used to implement ML model 530.

The training data 510 includes game (digital) assets 515 and groundtruthtags 525 for a plurality of games. The digital assets may include anydigital assets, e.g., described with respect to FIG. 3. The groundtruthtext tags may be obtained from tags provided by the developers of thegames, game players, or other human users.

In this illustrative example, digital assets 515 are provided to amachine learning (ML) model under training 530. The ML model generates aset of predicted tags 540 based on a current state of the ML model andthe digital assets. For example, the ML model may determine a featurevector (or embedding) based on features of digital assets 515. Thefeature vector (or embedding) may be a mathematical, multi-dimensionalrepresentation generated based on the digital assets 515. Differentgames may have different feature vectors, based on respective digitalassets. Upon training, the ML model generates similar feature vectorsfor similar games (games that are associated with similar types ofdigital assets).

Analysis based on individual components of the digital game digitalassets can lead to inaccurate determination of game content. Instead,analysis of the game digital assets considered as a whole can lead tolikely accurate determination of game content. Similar gameplay frommultiple games would include similar assets in a feature space that isrevealed by analyzing the game features using the ML model. Each gamedigital asset and/or combinations of the game digital assets could beused as a feature that is input to an ML model. The features areutilized by the ML model to cluster games and generate predicted tagsassociated with the games.

Stated another way, the digital assets may be used to determine featuresof the game using ML model 530. ML model 530 may utilize the featurevectors to generate the text tags for the game. For example, a firstgame may have digital assets including maps, rooms, walls, trees, etc.along with human characters and clothing/accessories for the characters,while a second game may have digital assets including cars, racetracks,fuel, etc., animation code that renders the cars moving, and gameimages/screenshots that depict multiple cars along a racetrack. ML model530 may generate feature vectors that are significantly apart for thesetwo example games based on the games not having digital assets that havesimilarity. On the other hand, for a third game that includes digitalassets such as trucks, road, confetti, etc., and videos of trucks movingdown a road, the generated feature vector may be similar to that of thesecond game.

ML model 530 may generate game text tags based on the digital assetsassociated with the game, e.g., based on the feature vector, and/orbased on similarity with feature vectors of other games and tagsassociated with those other games. For example, ML model 530 maygenerate a “racing” tag for the second and the third game, and an“adventure” tag for the first game.

Codebase assets that include physics of navigation and movement of anavatar provide additional signals that the game may be a navigable game.Similarly, codebase assets, for example, camera placement within thegame, may provide signals about a game perspective—for example, whetherthe game is a first person based game.

The predicted tags 540 generated by ML model 530 are provided tofeedback generator 550.

Feedback generator 550 is also provided with the groundtruth tags 525(e.g., human-curated tags) corresponding to the game. Feedback 560 isgenerated by feedback generator 550 based on a comparison of thepredicted tags with the groundtruth tags. For example, if predicted tags540 are similar to groundtruth tags 525, positive feedback may beprovided as feedback 560, while if the tags are dissimilar negativefeedback is provided to the ML model under training, which may beupdated based on the received feedback using reinforcement learningtechniques.

In some implementations, the ML model includes one or more neuralnetworks. The neural network(s) may be organized into a plurality oflayers including a plurality of layers. Each layer may comprise aplurality of neural network nodes. Nodes in a particular layer may beconnected to nodes in an immediately previous layer and nodes in animmediately next layer. In some implementations, the ML model may be aconvolutional neural network (CNN).

In some implementations, the digital assets are all processedsimultaneously by a single ML model. In some implementations, aparticular type of digital assets are processed by a first ML model,while other types of digital assets may be processed by respective MLmodels for the types of assets. For example, the image files may beprocessed by a first ML model, the audio clips by a second ML model,etc. In these implementations, the structure of ML model 530 may includea plurality of ML models that analyze different types of digital assetsand produce respective feature vectors, and an ML model that takes asinput the individual feature vectors, combines them, and generatespredicted tags 540.

In some implementations, different types of ML models may be utilized toprocess different categories of digital assets and identifycharacteristic features in each category of digital asset. For example,processing of image digital assets may utilize a convolutional neuralnetwork (CNN), processing of audio digital assets may utilize a deepneural network (DNN) architecture, processing of text digital assets mayutilize a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)model, etc. The identified features may then be processed by a differentML model that operates on these intermediate outputs as its inputs togenerate the predicted tags.

The training of the ML model may be performed periodically at specifiedintervals, or may be triggered by events. In some implementations, thetraining may be repeated until a threshold level of text tag predictionaccuracy is reached.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example method to train a machinelearning model to generate text tags, in accordance with someimplementations.

In some implementations, method 600 can be implemented, for example, ongaming server 102 described with reference to FIG. 1. In someimplementations, some or all of the method 600 can be implemented on oneor more client devices 110 as shown in FIG. 1, on one or more developerdevices 130, or on one or more server device(s) 102, and/or on acombination of developer device(s), server device(s) and clientdevice(s). In described examples, the implementing system includes oneor more digital processors or processing circuitry (“processors”), andone or more storage devices (e.g., a database 120 or other storage). Insome implementations, different components of one or more servers and/orclients can perform different blocks or other parts of the method 600.In some examples, a first device is described as performing blocks ofmethod 600. Some implementations can have one or more blocks of method600 performed by one or more other devices (e.g., other client devicesor server devices) that can send results or data to the first device.

In some implementations, the method 600, or portions of the method, canbe initiated automatically by a system. In some implementations, theimplementing system is a first device. For example, the method (orportions thereof) can be periodically performed, or performed based onone or more particular events or conditions, e.g., an accuracy of texttag prediction falling below a threshold, a predetermined time periodhaving expired since the last performance of method 600, and/or one ormore other conditions occurring which can be specified in settings readby the method.

Method 600 may begin at block 610. At block 610, digital assetsassociated with various games are provided as input to the machinelearning model. The data includes a plurality of game identifiers, and arespective set of digital assets associated with each game identified bythe game identifiers. For example, a title or alphanumeric codeassociated with a game, and a set of digital game digital assets, e.g.image files, 3D models, etc. may be provided as input to the ML model.

As described earlier, the digital assets may include one or more of gamescreenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, avatars, gamesource code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, game levelcount, avatar movements, text content of the game, chat contentgenerated within the game, game sounds, game background music, codecoverage, or frequency of use of digital assets during gameplay. Block610 may be followed by block 620.

At block 620, predicted text tags are generated by the ML model based onthe digital assets for the game identified by the game identifiers and acurrent state of the ML model.

In implementations using a neural network, a respective feature vectormay be generated for each game identified by the game identifiers basedon the respective set of digital assets. The feature vector (orembedding) may be a mathematical, multi-dimensional representationgenerated based on the game digital assets. Different games may havedifferent feature vectors, based on respective digital assets. Upontraining, the ML model generates similar feature vectors for similargames (games that are associated with similar types of game digitalassets).

In some implementations, the machine learning model includes one or moreinput neural networks and an output neural network. The respectivefeature vector(s) are generated using the one or more input neuralnetworks and the respective feature vector(s) may be provided as inputsto the output neural network.

In some implementations, a first neural network generates a firstportion of the feature vector based on one or more image assets in thedigital assets, a second neural network generates a second portion ofthe feature vector based on one or more code assets in the digitalassets, a third neural network generates a third portion of the featurevector based on one or more text assets in the digital assets, a fourthneural network generates a fourth portion of the feature vector based onone or more audio assets in the digital assets, and a fifth neuralnetwork that a fifth portion of the feature vector based on one moregameplay assets.

In some implementations, the one or more image assets may include one ormore of game screenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, oravatars. In some implementations, the code assets may include one ormore of game source code, game configuration parameters, game lighting,game level count, or avatar movements.

In some implementations, the text assets may include one or more of textcontent of the game or chat content generated within the game. In someimplementations, the audio assets may include one or more of game soundsor game background music. In some implementations, the gameplay assetsmay include one or more of code coverage or frequency of use of digitalassets during gameplay. Block 620 may be followed by block 630.

At block 630, the predicted text tags are compared to groundtruth tags.For example, one or more predicted text tags for the game identified bythe game identifier are compared to respective groundtruth tagsassociated with the game. The groundtruth text tags may be obtained fromtags provided by the developers of the games, game players, or otherhuman users. An accuracy of text tag prediction is determined for eachgame, e.g. it is evaluated whether the ML model successfully predictedtext tags for each game based on the provided digital assets. A lossvalue is determined based on the accuracy of text tag predictions. Forexample, a cross entropy loss function on a multi-class classifier canbe utilized for the text tag predictions. Block 630 may be followed byblock 640.

At block 640, the ML model is updated based on feedback generated fromthe comparison of the predicted tags and the groundtruth tags. Forexample, the loss value is utilized to adjust one or more parameters ofthe ML model. For example, when the ML model is implemented using aneural network, the weight associated with one or more nodes of theneural network and/or a connection between one or more pairs of nodes ofthe neural network may be adjusted based on the loss value. In someimplementations, a weight associated with a link between a pair of nodesof the neural network may be adjusted. Block 640 may be followed byblock 650.

At block 650, an accuracy of the ML model is determined based oncumulative results, and compared to a threshold. For example, the tagsgenerated by the ML model may be compared against groundtruth tags todetermine the accuracy. In another example, the tags generated by the MLmodel may be used to display a user interface to game platform users andthe effectiveness of the tags be measured (e.g., based on clickthroughrate for the tags, gameplay generated by the user interface thatincludes the tags generated the ML model vs. tags obtained in other waysin a A/B testing configuration, human evaluation of the tags, etc.) Ifthe accuracy meets a threshold, the trained ML model is determined to besuitable for deployment and processing proceeds to block 660, else, theML model training is continued and processing reverts to 610.

At block 660, the trained ML model may be deployed for the generation oftext tags for games.

Method 600, or portions thereof, may be repeated any number of timesusing additional inputs. For example, blocks 620 and 630 may be repeatedwith multiple sets of groundtruth text tags. In another example, block610-650 may be repeated with additional games. Method 600 may berepeated until a threshold level of text tag prediction accuracy isreached.

In some implementations, method 600, or portions thereof, may berepeated based on a change in game ratings, e.g. change in ratings oftop/popular games on the game platform, or based on the results of anA/B test. In some implementations, model parameters may be adjusted, andthe model retrained based on a triggering factor, e.g. change in gameratings, results of an A/B test, etc.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example method to generatetext tags for games using a machine learning model, in accordance withsome implementations In some implementations, the trained machinelearning model 730 is utilized for the generation of text tags 750 basedon game (digital) assets 710. A tag repository 740 may be utilized tostore a plurality of text tags. Predicted text tags 750 are generatedbased on the digital assets 710.

As described earlier with respect to FIG. 5, game digital assets andgame digital asset combinations are provided as features to the MLmodel, which uses the features to cluster games and to determine texttags associated with the games.

In some implementations, the ML model is a neural network, e.g. similarto the neural network model described with respect to FIG. 6.

In some implementations, the ML model may include one or more of binaryclassification, multiclass classification, and regression. In someimplementations, the ML model may be a K-means model, kNN model, LinearRegression model, Logistic Regression model, Decision Tree model, SVMmodel, Naive Bayesian model, Random Forest model, etc.

In some implementations, different ML models may be utilized fordifferent classes of digital assets. In some implementations, the sameML model may be utilized across all digital assets.

In some implementations, the predicted text tags may be determined basedon agreement of predicted tags based on different types (classes) ofdigital assets. For example, a text tag may be predicted whenpredictions from two or more types of digital assets are the same. Insome implementations, a text tag may be predicted when predictions fromthree or more types of digital assets are the same.

In some implementations, weights may be assigned to predictions based ondifferent digital assets, and a weighted score may be utilized todetermine a predicted tag by the ML model.

In some implementations, text tags provided by users (developers) may bevalidated by the ML model to ensure that malicious developers do notprovide misleading text tags that are not supported by game features.For example, if a certain type/category of game is very popular, a gamedeveloper may attach a tag to their game that indicates that the gamebelongs to the popular game category, when in reality, it may notinclude features corresponding to the popular game category.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating another example method to generatetext tags for games using a machine learning model, in accordance withsome implementations.

For example, the trained ML model may be ML model 530, obtained aftertraining using the techniques described above with reference to FIG. 5.

In some implementations, method 800 can be implemented, for example, ongaming server 102 described with reference to FIG. 1. In someimplementations, some or all of the method 800 can be implemented on oneor more client devices 110 as shown in FIG. 1, on one or more developerdevices 130, or on one or more server device(s) 102, and/or on acombination of developer device(s), server device(s) and clientdevice(s). In described examples, the implementing system includes oneor more digital processors or processing circuitry (“processors”), andone or more storage devices (e.g., a database 120 or other storage). Insome implementations, different components of one or more servers and/orclients can perform different blocks or other parts of the method 800.In some examples, a first device is described as performing blocks ofmethod 800. Some implementations can have one or more blocks of method800 performed by one or more other devices (e.g., other client devicesor server devices) that can send results or data to the first device.

At block 810, a game identifier for a game in addition to digital assetsassociated with the game are received. The game identifier and thedigital assets are provided as input to the trained machine learningmodel.

In some implementations, the digital assets may include one or more ofgame screenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, avatars,game source code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, gamelevel count, avatar movements, text content of the game, chat contentgenerated within the game, game sounds, game background music, codecoverage, or frequency of use of digital assets during gameplay. Block810 may be followed by block 820.

At block 820, predicted text tags and scores associated with each of thepredicted tags are generated. The predicted tags may be generated, forexample, by a trained ML model, as described in FIG. 6. A plurality ofpredicted text tags may be generated using the trained machine learningmodel. Each text tag may also be associated with a respective predictionscore, which is indicative of a prediction confidence computed using themachine learning model for the text tag.

In some implementations, the predicted text tags may be restricted to acollection of words or vocabulary that is specific to the game platform.For example, words and/or phrases from text tags that are manuallyprovided by users, e.g., game creators, game players, etc. and areassociated with games on the game platform may form the vocabulary. Insome implementations, the predicted text tags may be unrestricted, e.g.,may include any word from a larger corpus of words such as a languagedictionary.

In some implementations, the one or more text tags are indicative of atype of the game or a style of game play. For example, the text tags mayinclude tags such as tycoon game, obstacle course game, first personshooter game, collaborative game, social game.

In some implementations, thresholds may be utilized to surface a set ofpredicted tags. Block 820 may be followed by block 830.

At block 830, one or more tags may be selected based on the thresholds.One or more text tags may be selected from the plurality of predictedtext tags based on the respective prediction score.

In different implementations, the selected tags may be utilized forvarious purposes. In some implementations, one or more of the selectedtags can be stored in a database in association with the gameidentifier. In these implementations, the stored tags can be utilized tosupport game search or browsing. For example, a semantic comparison of auser-entered search term (e.g., “horse riding”) with the stored tags maybe performed to identify games that match the user search. In anotherexample, the stored tags may be used to render a user interface thatenables a user to browse games by tags assigned to the game.

In some implementations, the selected tags for a game may be utilized toevaluate tags that are manually assigned to a game (e.g., by a gamecreator). The evaluation may include determination of whether eachmanually assigned tag are incorrect or irrelevant. Upon such evaluation,incorrect or irrelevant tags may be suppressed, e.g., hidden and/orremoved from association with the game. Suppression of manually assignedtags in this manner can help ensure that player traffic to a game isgenuine, based on the quality of the game and relevance of the game to aplayer's interests. This can lead to a higher proportion of game playsessions that players enjoy, and reduce the number of short (e.g., lessthan 1 minute) or unsatisfactory sessions that may occur due toincorrect or irrelevant labels.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of an example computing device 900 which maybe used to implement one or more features described herein. In oneexample, device 900 may be used to implement a computer device (e.g. 102and/or 110 of FIG. 1), and perform appropriate method implementationsdescribed herein. Computing device 900 can be any suitable computersystem, server, or other electronic or hardware device. For example, thecomputing device 900 can be a mainframe computer, desktop computer,workstation, portable computer, or electronic device (portable device,mobile device, cell phone, smartphone, tablet computer, television, TVset top box, personal digital assistant (PDA), media player, gamedevice, wearable device, etc.). In some implementations, device 900includes a processor 902, a memory 904, input/output (I/O) interface906, and audio/video input/output devices 914.

Processor 902 can be one or more processors and/or processing circuitsto execute program code and control basic operations of the device 900.A “processor” includes any suitable hardware and/or software system,mechanism or component that processes data, signals or otherinformation. A processor may include a system with a general-purposecentral processing unit (CPU), multiple processing units, dedicatedcircuitry for achieving functionality, or other systems. Processing neednot be limited to a particular geographic location, or have temporallimitations. For example, a processor may perform its functions in“real-time,” “offline,” in a “batch mode,” etc. Portions of processingmay be performed at different times and at different locations, bydifferent (or the same) processing systems. A computer may be anyprocessor in communication with a memory.

Memory 904 is typically provided in device 900 for access by theprocessor 902, and may be any suitable processor-readable storagemedium, e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM),Electrical Erasable Read-only Memory (EEPROM), Flash memory, etc.,suitable for storing instructions for execution by the processor, andlocated separate from processor 902 and/or integrated therewith. Memory904 can store software operating on the server device 900 by theprocessor 902, including an operating system 908, one or moreapplications 910, e.g., an audio spatialization application andapplication data 912. In some implementations, application 910 caninclude instructions that enable processor 902 to perform the functions(or control the functions of) described herein, e.g., some or all of themethods described with respect to FIGS. 6 and 8.

For example, applications 910 can include an audio spatialization module912, which as described herein can provide audio spatialization withinan online gaming server (e.g., 102). Any of software in memory 904 canalternatively be stored on any other suitable storage location orcomputer-readable medium. In addition, memory 904 (and/or otherconnected storage device(s)) can store instructions and data used in thefeatures described herein. Memory 904 and any other type of storage(magnetic disk, optical disk, magnetic tape, or other tangible media)can be considered “storage” or “storage devices.”

I/O interface 906 can provide functions to enable interfacing the serverdevice 900 with other systems and devices. For example, networkcommunication devices, storage devices (e.g., memory and/or data store120), and input/output devices can communicate via interface 906. Insome implementations, the I/O interface can connect to interface devicesincluding input devices (keyboard, pointing device, touchscreen,microphone, camera, scanner, etc.) and/or output devices (displaydevice, speaker devices, printer, motor, etc.).

The audio/video input/output devices 914 can include a user input device(e.g., a mouse, etc.) that can be used to receive user input, a displaydevice (e.g., screen, monitor, etc.) and/or a combined input and displaydevice, that can be used to provide graphical and/or visual output.

For ease of illustration, FIG. 9 shows one block for each of processor902, memory 904, I/O interface 906, and software blocks 908 and 910.These blocks may represent one or more processors or processingcircuitries, operating systems, memories, I/O interfaces, applications,and/or software engines. In other implementations, device 900 may nothave all of the components shown and/or may have other elementsincluding other types of elements instead of, or in addition to, thoseshown herein. While the online gaming server 102 is described asperforming operations as described in some implementations herein, anysuitable component or combination of components of online gaming server102 or similar system, or any suitable processor or processorsassociated with such a system, may perform the operations described.

A user device can also implement and/or be used with features describedherein. Example user devices can be computer devices including somesimilar components as the device 900, e.g., processor(s) 902, memory904, and I/O interface 906. An operating system, software andapplications suitable for the client device can be provided in memoryand used by the processor. The I/O interface for a client device can beconnected to network communication devices, as well as to input andoutput devices, e.g., a microphone for capturing sound, a camera forcapturing images or video, a mouse for capturing user input, a gesturedevice for recognizing a user gesture, a touchscreen to detect userinput, audio speaker devices for outputting sound, a display device foroutputting images or video, or other output devices. A display devicewithin the audio/video input/output devices 914, for example, can beconnected to (or included in) the device 900 to display images pre- andpost-processing as described herein, where such display device caninclude any suitable display device, e.g., an LCD, LED, or plasmadisplay screen, CRT, television, monitor, touchscreen, 3-D displayscreen, projector, or other visual display device. Some implementationscan provide an audio output device, e.g., voice output or synthesis thatspeaks text.

One or more methods described herein (e.g., methods 600 and 800) can beimplemented by computer program instructions or code, which can beexecuted on a computer. For example, the code can be implemented by oneor more digital processors (e.g., microprocessors or other processingcircuitry), and can be stored on a computer program product including anon-transitory computer readable medium (e.g., storage medium), e.g., amagnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor storage medium,including semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, aremovable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM), a read-onlymemory (ROM), flash memory, a rigid magnetic disk, an optical disk, asolid-state memory drive, etc. The program instructions can also becontained in, and provided as, an electronic signal, for example in theform of software as a service (SaaS) delivered from a server (e.g., adistributed system and/or a cloud computing system). Alternatively, oneor more methods can be implemented in hardware (logic gates, etc.), orin a combination of hardware and software. Example hardware can beprogrammable processors (e.g. Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA),Complex Programmable Logic Device), general purpose processors, graphicsprocessors, Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), and thelike. One or more methods can be performed as part of or component of anapplication running on the system, or as an application or softwarerunning in conjunction with other applications and operating system.

One or more methods described herein can be run in a standalone programthat can be run on any type of computing device, a program run on a webbrowser, a mobile application (“app”) run on a mobile computing device(e.g., cell phone, smart phone, tablet computer, wearable device(wristwatch, armband, jewelry, headwear, goggles, glasses, etc.), laptopcomputer, etc.). In one example, a client/server architecture can beused, e.g., a mobile computing device (as a client device) sends userinput data to a server device and receives from the server the finaloutput data for output (e.g., for display). In another example, allcomputations can be performed within the mobile app (and/or other apps)on the mobile computing device. In another example, computations can besplit between the mobile computing device and one or more serverdevices.

Although the description has been described with respect to particularimplementations thereof, these particular implementations are merelyillustrative, and not restrictive. Concepts illustrated in the examplesmay be applied to other examples and implementations.

The functional blocks, operations, features, methods, devices, andsystems described in the present disclosure may be integrated or dividedinto different combinations of systems, devices, and functional blocksas would be known to those skilled in the art. Any suitable programminglanguage and programming techniques may be used to implement theroutines of particular implementations. Different programming techniquesmay be employed, e.g., procedural or object-oriented. The routines mayexecute on a single processing device or multiple processors. Althoughthe steps, operations, or computations may be presented in a specificorder, the order may be changed in different particular implementations.In some implementations, multiple steps or operations shown assequential in this specification may be performed at the same time.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method to generate one ormore text tags for a game using a trained machine learning model, themethod comprising: providing, as input to the trained machine learningmodel, data that includes a game identifier of the game and a set ofdigital assets associated with the game; generating, using the trainedmachine learning model and based on the set of digital assets associatedwith the game, a plurality of predicted text tags, each text tagassociated with a respective prediction score; and selecting the one ormore text tags from the plurality of predicted text tags based on therespective prediction score.
 2. The computer-implemented method of claim1, wherein the set of digital assets includes one or more of gamescreenshots, game video snippets, game objects, meshes, avatars, gamesource code, game configuration parameters, game lighting, game levelcount, avatar movements, text content of the game, chat contentgenerated within the game, game sounds, game background music, codecoverage, or a respective frequency of use of digital assets duringgameplay.
 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the oneor more text tags are indicative of a type of the game or a style ofgame play.
 4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, furthercomprising validating an existing text tag for the game by comparing theexisting text tag with the one or more text tags.
 5. Acomputer-implemented method to train a machine learning model togenerate tags, the method comprising: providing as input to the machinelearning model, data that includes a plurality of game identifiers and arespective set of digital assets associated with each game identified bythe game identifiers; generating, by the machine learning model, one ormore predicted tags for each game identified by the game identifiers;comparing the one or more predicted tags with respective tags associatedwith each game identified by the game identifiers; and adjusting one ormore parameters of the machine learning model based on the comparison.6. The computer-implemented method of claim 5, wherein the machinelearning model comprises a neural network and wherein adjusting the oneor more parameters of the machine learning model comprises adjusting aweight associated with one or more nodes of the neural network oradjusting a weight associated with a link between a pair of nodes of theneural network.
 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 5, whereinthe digital assets include one or more of: game screenshots, game videosnippets, game objects, meshes, avatars, game source code, gameconfiguration parameters, game lighting, game level count, avatarmovements, text content of the game, chat content generated within thegame, game sounds, game background music, code coverage, or frequency ofuse of digital assets during gameplay.
 8. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 5, further comprising: generating a respective featurevector for each game identified by the game identifiers based on therespective set of digital assets, wherein the generating the one or morepredicted tags by the machine learning model is based on the respectivefeature vector.
 9. The computer-implemented method of claim 8, whereinthe machine learning model includes one or more input neural networksand an output neural network, wherein generating the respective featurevector is performed using the one or more input neural networks, themethod further comprising: providing the respective feature vector asinput to the output neural network.
 10. The computer-implemented methodof claim 9, wherein the one or more input neural networks include atleast one of: a first input neural network that generates a firstportion of the feature vector based on one or more image assets in thedigital assets; a second input neural network that generates a secondportion of the feature vector based on one or more code assets in thedigital assets; a third input neural network that generates a thirdportion of the feature vector based on one or more text assets in thedigital assets; a fourth input neural network that generates a fourthportion of the feature vector based on one or more audio assets in thedigital assets; and a fifth input neural network that generates a fifthportion of the feature vector based on one more gameplay assets.
 11. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 10, wherein the first input neuralnetwork generates the first portion of the feature vector based on oneor more image assets in the digital assets, wherein the one or moreimage assets include one or more of game screenshots, game videosnippets, game objects, meshes, or avatars.
 12. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 10, wherein the second input neural network generatesthe second portion of the feature vector based on one or more codeassets in the digital assets, wherein the code assets include one ormore of game source code, game configuration parameters, game lighting,game level count, or avatar movements.
 13. The computer-implementedmethod of claim 10, wherein the third input neural network generates thethird portion of the feature vector based on one or more text assets inthe digital assets, wherein the text assets include one or more of textcontent of the game or chat content generated within the game.
 14. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 10, wherein the fourth input neuralnetwork generates the fourth portion of the feature vector based on oneor more audio assets in the digital assets, wherein the audio assetsinclude one or more of game sounds or game background music.
 15. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 10, wherein the fifth input neuralnetwork generates the fifth portion of the feature vector based on onemore gameplay assets, wherein the gameplay assets includes one or moreof code coverage or frequency of use of digital assets during gameplay.16. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructionsthat, responsive to execution by a processing device, causes theprocessing device to perform operations comprising: providing, as inputto a trained machine learning model, data that includes a plurality ofgame identifiers and a respective set of digital assets associated witheach game identified by the game identifiers; generating, using thetrained machine learning model, a plurality of predicted text tags, eachtext tag associated with a respective prediction score; and selectingthe one or more text tags from the plurality of predicted text tagsbased on the respective prediction score.
 17. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 16, wherein the digital assetscomprise one or more of game screenshots, game video snippets, gameobjects, meshes, avatars, game source code, game configurationparameters, game lighting, game level count, avatar movements, textcontent of the game, chat content generated within the game, gamesounds, game background music, code coverage, or frequency of use ofdigital assets during gameplay.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readablemedium of claim 16, wherein the one or more text tags are indicative ofa type of the game or a style of game play.
 19. A system comprising: amemory with instructions stored thereon; and a processing device,coupled to the memory, the processing device configured to access thememory and execute the instructions, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing device to perform operations comprising: providing, as inputto a trained machine learning model, data that includes a plurality ofgame identifiers and a respective set of digital assets associated witheach game identified by the game identifiers; generating, using thetrained machine learning model, a plurality of predicted text tags, eachtext tag associated with a respective prediction score; and selectingthe one or more text tags from the plurality of predicted text tagsbased on the respective prediction score.
 20. The system of claim 19,wherein the operations further comprise generating a respective featurevector for each game identified by the game identifiers based on therespective set of digital assets, wherein the generating the one or morepredicted tags by the machine learning model is based on the respectivefeature vector.
 21. The system of claim 19, wherein the digital assetscomprise one or more of game screenshots, game video snippets, gameobjects, meshes, avatars, game source code, game configurationparameters, game lighting, game level count, avatar movements, textcontent of the game, chat content generated within the game, gamesounds, game background music, code coverage, or frequency of use ofdigital assets during gameplay.